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Letters Patent No. GLI-17, dated. January 15, 1867.

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To. A LL wHoM 1T MAY coNenRN:

Be it known that.I,fJ-. N. BITTXNG, of Camden, Camden county, New Jersey, havelinvented certain improvements in Rndder Bearings and I do herebydeelare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the-same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention consists of a projection on thc` stemof a rudder, in combination with a plate on the deck, the said plate having a recessed edge, forming the bearing for th'e said projection, and the latter and the recess in the plato being so formed, in respectto each other, that there is little friction to resist the free turning ofthe rudder, and no liability of its stem leaning from its proper position on being depressed, when tho bearing surface near thepintle is worn.

v In order to enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describeV its construction and operation. .Qn reference to the .accompanying drawing, which forms a part oi' this specication--f r A y Y l Figure 1 is anelevation, partly in section, of sulicient of a` vessel and rudder to show my improvements- Figure 2, a. plan View. I

Figure 3, detached sectional view, rdrawn'to an enlarged scale.

Figure 4, the' same,`on the line m on, fig'. 5s

Figure 5,'au enlarged plan view. i

Figure 6, a diagram illustrating my in'i/en'tion. Y y A represents a portion ofv the hull of a. yessel, a being the deck, b the stern post, C the rudder, and d the rudder post. To' the rudder'post, at a point just above the deck a, is secured ametal segment, e, which is v rounded at the'edge, and-is somewhat :thicker in the middle, betwecnvthe points :v zo', than at the ends, as best shown in fig. 6. To theA deck a, behind the, rudder post, is secured-a plate, D, a curved recess, y, in the front edge of which is adaptedfor the reception of: the segment e, the plate at the edge ci'5 the said recess being v increased in thickness 'b'y a rib, z' The edge of the plate D, at the centre 2 oi' the recess y, is inclined, as' shown in 3, but gradually becomes vertical, as in tig. 4, towards the points 3 and 4, lig. 6. When the rudder is at midships the segment e will bear throughout its entire curved edge against the edge of the plate I). When, howeverkthe rudder is turned to one side or other, only the central portion ofv the segment, at and near the point as, will bear against the plate, 'the remaining portions being free from Contact with the saine, as shovvn in iig. 6. v I y In-ordinary rudder bearings the extent off-the bearing surfaccsis so great, and the consequent friction is soexcessive, that considerable labor is requiredto turn the rudder; the bearings also quickly wa'raway, and vthe rudder departs from its proper vertical position; the diiculty of turning the same is consequently increased, and the pintlcs become strained. In the above-describ`ed arrangement, when the rudder is in any position except at midships, the bearing surfaces are so small that there is but comparatively little friction, and the rudder is easily turned. When the rudder is at midships, however, the extent of the bearing surfaces is greatly increased, as theudder, in this psition, is subject to a. constant oscillating motion, and the bearing surfaces,- unlessof considerable extent, would rapidly wear away. As the surfaces of the segment and plate, as well as the pintle pins,wea away, the rudder will gradually descend, butA will be maintained in its vertical positon,in consequence' of the inclination of 4the curved edge'oil the plate D, the recess y becoming lsmaller 'towards the lower edge of the plate, sovas to compensate for the reduced diameter of'the segment.

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The projection e on thev rudder post, in combination with the plate D and itsv inclined recess on the edge,- when the latter and the said projection 'are formed increlation to cach other a's'described. v

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this spcciication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' 4 JOSEPH NJ. BITTING. `Wi tn esses A:

CHARLES E. -Fosrrn, 'WI W. Douermm'r.'A 

